Relationship Between Obesity and Socioeconomic Demographics

Relationship Between Obesity and Socioeconomic Demographics Chapter Five: Discussion The prevalence as well as the severity of obesity in adolescents is increasing at an alarming rate, making it one of the most serious health problems affecting this age group. In this study, a total of 161 adolescents (15.6%) were overweight and 224 ones(21.6%) were obese. A study conducted by National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 1999-2000) showed thatapproximately 30% of adolescents were at risk for overweight and 14% were severely overweight or obese (Troiano and Flegal, 1999). In this study, the prevalence of overfat was 9.1% and obesity was 21.8%. A study conducted by Lee ea al. (2006) showed thatthe prevalence of total 555 adolescentboys were overfat (20.4%) and 8.3% were obese. In our study, prevalence of obese adolescents, according to both BMI and total fat, was higher than overweight;this could be attributed to high rate of fast food consumption among adolescents 72%. Fraser et al. (2012) conducted a study in the United Kingdom and observed anassociation between obese adolescents and fat food consumption. The prevalence of waist circumferences≠¥90th percentile in this study was 9.4%. This is consistent with Spain’s result, prevalence of waist circumferences≠¥90th percentile among adolescents was 11.6% (Schr à ¶der et al., 2014). Association between anthropometric measurements and socio-demographic characteristics: In our study, the BMI was significantly related to family income (p=0.004). About 25.7% of obese adolescents had families whose income was >800 JD after adjusting variables effects of results including age, smoking and physical activity. Shafaghiet al. (2014) studied the relationship between BMI and family income, 22.4% of obese adolescents were from families whose income was high. Total fat was significantly associated with adolescents age (p= 0.027). Adolescents aged ≠¥12 and ≠¤14 years old were more predictable to have high fat percentage (25.6%) than adolescents aged ≠¥ 15 and ≠¤17 years (18.9%).This finding was consistent with Northstoneet al. (2014). In our study, total fat was related to family income significantly (p=0.022). Kubiket al. (2003) conducted a study of 844 students; the study showed that students with high family income tended to consume sweetened beverages and high-fat snacks. Region affected significantly total fat among adolescents (p=0.049). The prevalence of obese adolescents were higher in middle area than north and south areas; that could be attributed to high fast food intake in middle area (48.2%) comparing to north and south areas (35.3% and 16.6%respectively). Limited data to explain relation between body fat content with father’s and mother’s education. Trunk fat was significantly associated with adolescents age (p= 0.027). Adolescents aged ≠¥12 and ≠¤14 years old were more predictable to have high trunk fat (15.4%) than adolescents aged ≠¥ 15 and ≠¤17 years (10.8%). Fox et al. (2000) reported thatadolescents aged 11- 13 years were associated with high trunk fat using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Association between blood pressure and socio-demographic characteristics: Blood pressure was significantly related to adolescents’ age (p0.01).This relation showed that 35.7% of adolescents aged ≠¥ 15 and ≠¤17 years had stage 2 HT compared to only 20.3% among adolescents aged ≠¥12 and ≠¤14 years old had stage 2 HT. Mouraet al. (2004) concluded a study on 898 adolescents,prevalence of elevated blood pressure in students aged ≠¥ 15 and ≠¤17 years was more than students aged ≠¥12 and ≠¤14 years. Effect of food categories on the prevalence of blood pressure among adolescents: Fruit and vegetables consumption were significantly related to blood pressure (p=0.008 and p=0.033 respectively). This finding was consistent with the findings of studies (Whelton et al., 1997, Whelton et al., 2005, Appel et al., 2006, Witham et al., 2009). Apple et al. (2006) studied the contents offruit and vegetables from vitamins, minerals and fibers. Fruits and vegetablesalso contained potassium;their increase in potassium intake was associated with significantly reduction in blood pressure. The increase in potassium intake had same lowering effect on blood pressure as decrease in sodium intake. Potassium had a major role in balancing out the negative effects of sodium. Wheltonet al. (1997) recommended potassium for prevention and treatment of hypertension. Increasing serum levels of vitamins A, C, E (Appel et al., 2006)and D (Witham et al., 2009)were associated with lowering blood pressure. Meta-analysis suggested that increasing the dietary fiber intake had a lowering effect o n blood pressure (Whelton et al., 2005).According to this study, chocolate was significantly related to blood pressure (p=0.013). Studies explained chocolate’s role to lower blood pressure (Fisher and Hollenberg, 2006, Karim et al., 2000, Taubert et al., 2007). Chocolate contained cocoa that include polyphenols specially flavanols. Strong effects of flavnols on blood pressure as a vasodilator were applied by increasing the formation of endothelial nitric oxide. Families’ health status effect on adolescent’s blood pressure: Father’s and mother’s health status was significantly associated with blood pressure in adolescent (p=0.002, p=0.022 respectively). Many studies (Din-Dzietham et al., 2007, Dasgupta et al., 2006, Martin et al., 2004) confirmed that family history of hypertension and cardiovascular disease were risk factors for elevated blood pressure among adolescents. Family history of obesity including fathers’ and siblings’ obesity was significant with adolescents’blood pressure (p=0.004 and p=0.048respectively).Falkner.(2010) reported a positive relation between blood pressure among adolescents and family history of obesity. Association between blood pressure and anthropometric measurements: Alton. (2005) considered hypertension one of obesity risk factors. Lu et al. (2013) conducted a study in China, and found out that the risk of elevated blood pressure prevalence was 1.5 folds in overweight children and was 2.2 folds in obese children. High BMI increased the risk of insulin resistance. Endothelial dysfunction and inflammation led to elevated blood pressure mediated bythe increase sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity (Tsioufis et al., 2011, Poirier et al., 2006). Our findings confirmed previous findings of high odds of stage 1 systolic hypertension among overweight adolescents 1.8 folds and 2.7 folds in obese adolescents, adjusting for confounding variables -age, smoking status and physical activity. Our result observed that adolescents with waist circumferences ≠¥90th percentile proportionally related to increase in blood pressure.Lu et al. (2013) reported a high significant association (p Increase in total body fat in our study was significant with increase in blood pressure proportionally. Pre-HTN, stage 1 HTN and stage 2 HTN were significant (p=0.009,p=0.004 and pet al. (2002)used DEXA and skinfolds to estimate total body fat and it’s relation asa predictor for blood pressure among adolescentboys unlike girls. Landsberg et al. (2013) explained that pathophysiology of fat accumulation in abdominal region led to an increase in blood pressure by increases in insulin secretion, (SNS) activity, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activity, angiotensinogen from intra-abdominal adipocytes, aldosterone production and renal sodium reabsorption. Our findings confirmed previous findings of high odds of stage1 systolic hypertension among adolescents with trunk fat ≠¥90th percentile had 4 times higher odds of having stage 1 systolic hypertension (CI 2.2, 7.1) and 5.5 higher odds of having stage 2 systolic hypertension (CI 3.4, 9.1). An association between adolescents visceral fat with blood pressure was observed among boys contrary girls (Pausova et al., 2012).Matsuzawa et al.(1995) explained increase that the in visceral fat to induce high level of free fatty acid excretion in liver via portal circulation after lipogenesis and lipolysis activity, gluconeogenesis, lipid synthesis and insulin resistance were response actions causedby excusive free fatty acid to induce hypertension and eventually atherosclerosis.Our results confirmed previous findings of high odds of stage 2 systolic hypertension among adolescents with visceral fat ≠¥90th percentile by 7.2 folds. Conclusion: The prevalence of total, truncal and visceral fat in our study were high. Excessfat,especially visceral fat significantly increased the risk for systolic blood pressure individually in older adolescents. The physiological relation between obesity and hypertension could not be attributed to a single factor. Factors that minimized the activity of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, sympathetic nervous system and renal sodium excretion had to be controlled, primarily the factors caused by excess fat. This finding based on measures of fat distribution and blood pressure in adolescent boys is important to help tracks cardiovascular risks from adolescence to adulthood. Strength of the Study This research has been conducted for the first time in Jordan to explain the prevalence and relationship between adolescents’ blood pressure and fat distribution. The study depends on data collected from a large sample that is representative to Jordan as a whole. Limitation of the Study An addition of a 24-hour recall form with this study combined with study’s FFQ could be more precise to estimate dietary and lifestyle habits among adolescents. Recommendations: Serious policies and actions for the sake of prevention, control weight and body fat specially as risks for elevated blood pressure, should be taken to apply an appropriate intervention on affected adolescents. Raise the schools’ role is for mass public enlightenment and health education on the threats of some nutritional behavior and lifestyle.

Causation of Crime- the Two Theories 1 Essay

The two theories I chose to compare and contrast are the Trait and Choice theories. These two theories explain why people commit crimes but differ in reasoning. I found that the main difference in between the two is that the choice theory states that if people want to commit a crime they will if the benefits outweighs the punishment. The trait theory differs because it deals with testosterone and whether or not people with lower IQ’s are more liable to commit crimes. When looking at the two theories you will see that the first theory is more straightforward and the second one leans more towards taking the blame away from the individual and placing it their traits. I like the fact that the choice theory states that if a person is going to commit a crime they are going to do it. Not only does this theory cover the fact that the person committing the crime weighs his or her options but might also do it out of enjoyment of act. The trait theory takes the responsibility away from the individual and places it on traits such as testosterone. I feel that this theory allows people to commit crimes and later on say that it was due to producing too much testosterone or use their IQ as an excuse to escape the fact that they committed a crime. Making the person accept responsibility for their actions it what should happen and the choice theory seems to lean more towards that as opposed to the trait theory. I would associate the guns and crime trend to the choice theory. The reason for this is because most people who commit crimes with guns already have the intention to use it. This means that they already made up their minds and have chosen to commit the crime. For instance gang crimes that involve guns, these individuals use guns, in their minds, to gain territory or even for retaliation. In a ten year span that covers 1997 -2007 there were 650 homicides (Krueger, 2007), this means that 650 times the people have made the conscious choice to kill someone. Out of those numbers, 290 of them have been by shootings (Krueger, 2007). That is some real food for thought when you add the choice theory into the equation. Gutierrez, K. (2007). Albuquerque metro area saw 54 homicides in 2007. Scripps Newspaper Group. Retrieved from: http://www. abqtrib. com.

Characteristics Of The Mayan Civilizations - 733 Words

There are many different types of civilizations. Three major ones are the Aztec, Maya, and Inca . These different civilizations play a very important role in history today. The Maya empire was highly skilled at building and architecture. They also were the only empire in mesoamerica to develop a complete writing system. The Maya were also highly skilled at agriculture and farming. The Maya were by far the most advanced and smart civilization. The Maya empire was very precise and exact when it came to architecture. Mayans built their cities with all of the important buildings in the middle such as palaces and temples. The homes and other small buildings were located on the outside. This was beneficial because everyone could access the†¦show more content†¦Maya writing is in a way similar to modern Japanese writing used today. The hieroglyphic writing was carved in a series of squares on the wall with a sharp tool created by the Mayan people. Scientists and archaeologists today are able to understand some, but not all of Mayan hieroglyphics. This civilization also wrote in books. These books were made of leaves, bark, or leather and glued together with a stucco layer. These types of books were often protected with animal skin or wooden boards. All of these facts conclude that the Mayan writing was much more advanced and intricate than other civilizations. Agriculture or farming played a very important role in the ancient Mayan civilization. The mayans were smart and used the calendar, sun, and the seasons to grow specific crops. Back when framing first started they always grew way too much food. As a result, they ended up trading their crops for items. However, at one point in time farming did become somewhat difficult for the Mayans. â€Å"As the population grew, farmers found it ever more difficult to grow enough food to feed the growing population.† (Linn Don, Maya Empire Agriculture). Farming was not easy in the Maya region, it was difficult because of the climate, and land. The soil was bad, there was few water sources, and the forests were very dense and big. However, the Mayans were smart enough to develop a way of farming. Mayan agriculture was different in every city state because of the unique land. InShow MoreRelatedCharacteristics Of The Mayan Civilization814 Words   |  4 PagesMayan Civilization There were many incredible civilizations in mesoamerica including the Incas, Aztecs, and the Mayas. They all had many strengths and weaknesses but the strongest among them were the Mayans. The Mayans were a very advanced civilization who survived for many, many years. The Mayans were very advanced in astronomy. They could map out the stars, the planets, the sun, and the moon. They knew so much about astronomy that they built all of their buildings in perfect alignment with compassRead MoreMayan And Mayan Writing System1067 Words   |  5 PagesMayan culture and civilization are said to be far beyond their time by their complex writing and numerical system. In the pre-Columbian America, the Mayan writing system is said to be the â€Å"only† true writing system within the Americas. By examining the environment the Maya had lived, we are able to look at the how the Maya used their writing system and it also further reflects the Maya’s surroundings. The Mayan civilization had flourished throughout the Yucatan peninsula in Central America. TheyRead MoreSimilarities Between Civilizations And Civilizations958 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout history there have been similarities between civilizations, some of which were on separate parts of the world. Many scholars and historians have been baffled by the discoveries of these similarities due to the fact that these cultures were not only hundreds of miles apart but also were separated by hundreds of years. The ancient Egyptian civilization located in northern Africa around 3,100 B.C. is considered to be one of the cradles of civilization and also a major contributor to the technologyRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Mayan Civilization1292 Words   |  6 Pages â€Å"Mayan Civilization† The film â€Å"Apocalypto† takes place in a certain period of the pre-Columbian era where we are presented young hunters from a village. Their rituals, the way of hunting, the cohesion between them, and especially, the bonds of friendship and family. The director makes us acquire sympathy for the hunters, giving a calm and familiar aspect to the characters. As for the social aspect, the film is essentially emphasized in the figure of man in these societies; being brave, warriorRead MoreMaya Civilization Collapse1311 Words   |  6 PagesMaya civilization. The Maya civilization is, â€Å"probably the best known of all early American civilizations.† (Fagan, 1995) It was at its strongest point between AD 300 AND 900. Around AD 900 was the time of its collapse. This civilization was developed in a densely, tropical forest on either highlands or lowlands. Today to visit a Mayan site, people would go to the modern Mexican state, capital city of Merida. This site was once h ome to the â€Å"New Worlds most advanced Native American civilization beforeRead MoreAztec, Inca And Aztec Civilizations1134 Words   |  5 Pagesempires of the Romans and the Greeks, there were other prospering civilizations thriving in parts of Central America and parts of Mexico. The Mayan, Incan and Aztec civilizations were a few of the greatest ancient civilizations in history, but they each had distinct characteristics that helped them prosper into the great empires that they became. Each had their own fascinating ways of food production, governing system and culture. The Mayans were established first out of the three and settled in modern-dayRead MoreThe Survival Of The Yucatec Maya Culture1490 Words   |  6 Pagescultures and civilizations, sparking a myriad of intellectuals spanning the humanities to attempt to discern the most salient characteristics and processes that define the period. Historians Inga Clendinnen and George Lovell, both focus on the effect the landin g of the conquistadors had on the indigenous Mayans, with their respective focuses standing in diametric opposition to one another. In â€Å"The Survival of the Yucatec Maya Culture,† Clendinnen stresses the importance of how Mayan tradition persistedRead MoreAnalysis Of Laura Gilpin s Life1617 Words   |  7 Pagesshed light on fading Mayan culture, as well as the beautiful ruins of Chichen Itza. This once great center of the Mayan empire is essential to understanding the esteem of the Mayan people. Additionally, The Rio Grand: River of Destiny, was a collection that studied the great river and the inhabitants along its banks. This book debuted the following year in 1949. Although Gilpin’s career focused primarily on Native American life, I researched her photography from 1948 on Mayan culture, and choseRead MoreHow Did The History Of Meroe Reflect Interaction With Neighboring Civilizations?1707 Words   |  7 PagesMeroe 1) How did the history of Meroe reflect interaction with neighboring civilizations? The way the history of Meroe reflected interaction with neighboring civilizations is they traded more often with their neighbors. That is how they received their fortune and power. 2) How was the decline of Meroe connected to the changing patterns of long-distance trade? The decline of Meroe was caused by deforestation because wood was needed to make charcoal for iron. The deforestation made Egypt’s trade goRead MoreGreeks compared to the Mayans1216 Words   |  5 Pages Greeks compared to the Maya Looking around too all the different ethnicities that can be found in this world, two of those most interesting cultures would have to be the Greeks and the Maya. The ancient Greek and Mayan civilizations have many similar characteristics but they also have many differences. The Mayan’s are an indigenous Mesoamerican culture found in present day South America. As where the Greeks are an ethnicity group native to Greece. The history of the Greece can be traced

W.E.B. Du Bois vs. Booker T. Washington - 1344 Words

A Clash of Ideologies: W.E.B. Du Bois vs. Booker T. Washington During the turn of the century, between the years 1895 and 1915 there were many theories of how African Americans were going to achieve first-class citizenship. At this time first-class citizenship was determined by at least three aspects: political power, civil rights, and the higher education of Negro youth. Two prominent black leaders arose in order to accomplish this feat. They had two different ideas for one goal. These two black leaders during this time were Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois. Booker T. Washington was considered at this time to be the spokesman of the black race, however, W.E.B. Du Bois proposed a plan that set him right under, if not with, Mr.†¦show more content†¦The submissive part was, if none else, the fact that we were to accept that black people were going to continue to use their hands as a means to be productive to a white society. Feeling that that was the only way we could fit into a society was seen as failure to some. This body had a nother leader to turn to for Negro leadership. William Edward Burghardt Du Bois, labeled as a radical, had a solid idea for African American progression called the Talented Tenth. In his essay called The Talented Tenth he mentioned, The negro race, like all races, is going to be saved by its exceptional men. Du Bois believed that if a small group of black persons attained college educations they will be leaders of the race and encourage the rest to do the same and reach a higher level of education. Du Bois stated, If this be trueÂâ€"and who can deny itÂâ€"three tasks lay before me; first to show from the past that the Talented Tenth as they have risen among American Negroes have been worthy of leadership; secondly; to show how these men may be educated and developed; and thirdly, to show their relation to the Negro problem. Du Bois believed on contrary to Booker T. Washington that if you wanted something accomplished you go right at it. Taking a shot at Washington s theory he clai med, This is an age of unusual economic development, and Mr. Washington s programme naturally takes an economic cast, becoming a gospel of Work and Money to such an extent asShow MoreRelatedW.E.B. Du Bois vs. Booker T. Washington2991 Words   |  12 Pagesthe undisputed intellectual leader of a new generation of African- American, and the central authorizing figure for twentieth-century African-American thought, Du Bois was the inspiration for the literary movement known as the Harlem Renaissance. As a co-founder of the NAACP and the long-time editor of its magazine The Crisis, Du Bois nurtured and promoted many young and talented African-Americans. Underlying his controversial notion of the talented tenth, was his belief that true integrationRead More W.E.B Du Bois vs. Booker T Washington Essay2087 Words   |  9 Pagesbe left out; Booker T. Washington and W.E.B Du Bois. They were both African-American leaders in the late 1800’s to early 1900’s, fighting for social justice, education and civil rights for slaves, and both stressed education. This was a time when blacks were segregated and discriminated against. Both these men had a vision to free blacks from this oppression. While they came from different backgrounds, Washington coming from a plantation in Virginia where he was a slave, and Du Bois coming from aRead MoreWilliam Edward Burgardt : African American Leading Sociologist, Writer, And Activist Essay713 Words   |  3 Pageswell as, a chair for the Peace information Center (Staff, 2009). Du Bois and Washington has quite the rivalry over the racial uplift. Furthermore, Brooker T. Washington was another leader of the African- American leaders of the 19th and the 20th Century (Brooker T. Washington, 2015). He was the founder of Tuskegee University (Brooker T. Washington, 2015). Brooker put himself through school, and became a teacher (Brooker T. Washington, 2015).. However, the Tuskegee University he founded focused onRead MoreThe Clash Of Two Great Minds Essay1447 Words   |  6 PagesAlexander Hamilton vs Aaron Burr, Stalin vs. Trotsky Michelangelo vs. Da Vinci and of course Booker T. Washington vs. W.E.B Du bois. Although both different ideologies, they were both trying to reach the same goal, equality. Although Washington was more economics based and Dubois was more ideology based they both wanted the same outcome, however Dubois approach seems more practical but both have successes and failures, and can be learned from today. The main argument of Booker T. Washington is that he wantedRead MoreBooker T Washington Vs W. E. B De Dubois Essay1445 Words   |  6 PagesHow can two people that our similar but at the time have different ways of life come together to achieve the same goal?Imagine 30 years after slavery ended you because of the color of your skin are still being mistreated. During the time of Booker and W.E.B the Jim crow law was created to segregate blacks and whites. Because of the segregation blacks had their own society like community only dealing with each other. Blacks were separated from society, they had their own neighborhoods buildings theyRead MoreA Comparison Of Booker T Washington And W. E. De Dubois1532 Words   |  7 PagesHow can two people that our similar but at the time have different ways of life come together to achieve the same goal?Imagine 30 years after slavery ended you because of the color of your skin are still being mistreated. During the time of Booker and W.E.B t he Jim crow law was created to segregate blacks and whites. Because of the segregation blacks had their own society like community only dealing with each other. Blacks were separated from society, they had their own neighborhoods buildings theyRead MoreThe Strategies of Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois: Uncovered1925 Words   |  8 PagesMikayla Ferchaw Pd. 4/5 DBQ for Booker T. Washington vs. W.E.B. Du Bois The Strategies of Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois: Uncovered The time period of 1877 to 1915 was a period in history when the people of the Black race were being granted a free status, but equality, on the other hand, was not an option to some higher white officials. During this time period, many leaders started to fight for what they believed in by appealing to the white governing body for social equality. TwoRead MoreWeb Du Bois vs. Booker T. Washington: Who Was Right?1711 Words   |  7 PagesWEB Du Bois vs. Booker T. Washington: Who was right? by San Two great leaders of the black community in the late 19th and 20th century were W.E.B. Du Bois and Booker T. Washington. However, they sharply disagreed on strategies for black social and economic progress. Their opposing philosophies can be found in much of todays discussions over how to end class and racial injustice, what is the role of black leadership, and what do the haves owe the have-nots in the black community. W.E.B. DuBoisRead MoreThe Appropriateness of Booker T. Washington and W. E. B. Du Bois Strategies for Dealing with Problems Faced by African Americans2275 Words   |  10 PagesEssential Question: Booker T. Washington and W. E. B. Du Bois offered different strategies for dealing with the problems of poverty and discrimination faced by Black Americans at the end of the nineteenth and beginning of the twentieth centuries. Assess the appropriateness of each of these strategies in the historical context in which each was developed. After the period where big businesses operated the country to benefit themselves, the middle class activists began to rise against these unjustRead MoreGarvey vs. Du Bois1980 Words   |  8 PagesThe Common Difference’s of Elitism Vs. Nationalism The often fierce ideological exchanges between Marcus Garvey and W.E.B. Du Bois are interesting, not as much because of the eloquence of their expression, as because of the fact that although outwardly contradictory, these ideologies were often unified at their foundation. This unity was not simply in terms of the broad and obvious intent to better the conditions of â€Å"black folk†, it was in terms of the very details that defined the trajectory and

Should College Students Be Allowed On College Campuses

Beginning August 2016 concealed handguns will be allowed on campus, which in my opinion is not a good thing. College students should not be allowed to carry handguns on a university campus because it is not safe. College students like myself stress out and sometimes do not think clearly which, is also a leading cause of irrational thinking or behaviour. Texas has had one school shooting within this past year and two within the last four years. Guns should not be permitted on college campuses due the fact that college students are the most stressed out individuals, college is meant to be a safe environment, and it will degrade the name of the University. A person is under pressure or stressed the most during their college career than in any other part of their life, especially during finals week. At this age, most of these students are experiencing different types of stress, such as keeping grades up, making sure to not spend money, and working a part time job. Stress has multiple symptoms such as depression, anger, and irrational behavior. Texas has only faced one shooting in the past year at Lone Star College due to an altercation that started with an accidental bumping into each other. If this could set off a person to pull a gun out then just imagine what could also set off a college students. College students do not think rationally when under pressure for example, what if a college student receives a failing grade on an assignment and is upset or stressed andShow MoreRelatedSpeech On The Bill Of Rights1153 Words   |  5 Pagesspeech to be allowed on campuses –without knowing the effects and the damage it could do. Hate speech could bring people down, lower their confidences and their school performance, and in some case, school avoidance. The audiences of offensive speech on campuses are students. At these ages, their brains are still developing and are very sensitive. Hate speech could affect the way they think for their entire life, and in the worst case, it could result in violence. Hate speech should not be protectedRead MorePersuasive For Why Guns Should Be Allowed On College Campuses883 Words   |  4 PagesRefutation for Why Guns Should be allowed on College Campuses Gun-control laws are a very controversial topic right now in the U.S., especially when it comes to allowing concealed-carry holders on college campuses. Nevertheless, guns should be permitted for concealed carry on college campuses if the carriers have concealed-carry licenses because mass shootings occur mostly in gun-free zones. There have been many incidents in which concealed-carry holders have disarmed attackers, and concealed-carryRead MoreShould Weapons Carry A Concealed Weapon?928 Words   |  4 Pagesissues behind them. College students are already aroused and stressed to do extraordinary in their courses. Would consenting untrained students to carry concealed weapons around campus be such an enticing idea, when at any moment someone could lose their mind and go on a shooting rage? One may never know what kind of background that specific being that carries a concealed firearm has. In reality no one knows what kind of effect this would have towards universities or college c ampuses, but it could resultRead MoreShould Guns Be Allowed On College Campuses?948 Words   |  4 PagesComparison and Contrast Paper: Should Guns Be Allowed on College Campuses? Hi I am a college student at Palm Beach State College in Florida West Palm Beach. One time I went to a guns store in which you can also practice how to use a gun. I was fourteen years the first time that I used a gun. I went to the place with my sister, three cousins and my father. The truth is that it was fun to use a gun, although we all knew it was dangerous to use one if we had not have any experience with it beforehandRead MoreThe Assault At Lone Star Community College1680 Words   |  7 Pagesof January 2013, Carlton Berry was accused of opening fire at Lone Star College. He was accused of shooting two people before wounding himself in the leg. Even though it came to be known in the course of the investigation that it was really not Carlton Berry who was involved, but Trey Foster, the question arises as to whether guns should be allowed in colleges. This lone incidence that happened at Lone Star Community College reflects the April 16th, the year 2007 where there was a shootin g on theRead MoreStudents Deserve the Right to Protect Themselves Essay1301 Words   |  6 PagesThe Second Amendment guarantees that an individual’s right to possess and bear arms will not be infringed upon, yet college campuses have denied their students’ right to carry a weapon for years. As of 2014, 22 states do not allow students to carry guns on campus and 22 leave the policy of guns on campus to the schools. The remaining 6 allow students to carry weapons, but not necessarily into school buildings. Only in Utah is a student’s right to concealed carry protected by state law. WhileRead MoreThe Debate Over Gun Concealment Should Be Allowed On College Campuses Essay1233 Words   |  5 Pageseverywhere we go in today’s society. There is no way out and no way to escape it. Going to college, does not make you feel any safer than being outside of college. Mass shootings this year have increased, especially in school all over the United States. Even t hough, the shootings have been in most high schools, they can be on college campuses just as well. Gun concealment should be allowed on college campuses. We deserve the right to protect ourselves. We deserve to feel safe anywhere we go withoutRead MoreShould College Campuses Be Banned?1256 Words   |  6 Pagesheinous crimes on the campuses of the schools. These crimes have taken place everywhere, from Columbine High School all the way to a classroom on the Virginia Tech campus. To be more specific the most devastating crime that can take place on a collegiate campus is a mass shooting. So, with more and more states beginning to allow those who possess a conceal carry permit, to carry at more places throughout the state. The question is asked, should college campuses allow students to carry a concealedRead MoreSmoking Should Not Be Allowed on Campuses753 Words   |  4 PagesSmoking Should Not Be Allowed On Campuses Because of the improvement of technology, it is easier and more affordable to buy cigarettes. Smoking becomes general phenomenon. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US CDC), there are an estimated 42.1 million adults in the United States currently smoke cigarettes. However, the report also said that more than 2.4 million people died in the USA annually, and over 480,000 people died because of smoking. Medical NewsRead MoreGun Control: Weapons On Campus. Bruce Willis Once Stated,1700 Words   |  7 Pagesintroduces the controversy of whether guns should be allowed on college campuses throughout the United States or not. There have been multiple public shootings on campuses throughout America, but there is no definite solution to stopping these catastrophes from occurring. Many politicians and citizens are asking themselves the same question: Will guns make students safer or endanger them? This statement can be disputed both ways because many believe that col lege students are not mature enough to handle guns

Last Sacrifice Chapter Three Free Essays

string(155) " pallbearers out of the palace and taken with great ceremony all through the Court’s grounds, until it reached the Court’s imposing cathedral\." WELL, NOT GONE EXACTLY. Muted. Kind of like how it had felt immediately after she’d restored Dimitri back to a dhampir. We will write a custom essay sample on Last Sacrifice Chapter Three or any similar topic only for you Order Now The magic had been so strong then that it had â€Å"burned out’ our link. There was no blast of magic now. It was almost as though the blankness was intentional on her part. Like always, I still had a sense of Lissa: she was alive; she was well. So what was keeping me from feeling more of her? She wasn’t asleep, because I could feel a sense of alert consciousness on the other side of this wall. Spirit was there, hiding her from me †¦ and she was making it happen. What the hell? It was an accepted fact that our bond worked only one way. I could sense her; she couldn’t sense me. Likewise, I could control when I went into her mind. Often, I tried to keep myself out (jail captivity time excluded), in an attempt to protect her privacy. Lissa had no such control, and her vulnerability infuriated her sometimes. Every once in a while, she could use her power to shield herself from me, but it was rare, difficult, and required considerable effort on her part. Today, she was pulling it off, and as the condition persisted, I could feel her strain. Keeping me out wasn’t easy, but she was managing it. Of course, I didn’t care about the how of it. I wanted to know the why. It was probably my worst day of imprisonment. Fear for myself was one thing. But for her? That was agonizing. If it was my life or hers, I would have walked into execution without hesitation. I had to know what was going on. Had she learned something? Had the Council decided to skip right over a trial and execute me? Was Lissa trying to protect me from that news? The more spirit she wielded, the more she endangered her life. This mental wall required a lot of magic. But why? Why was she taking this risk? It was astonishing in that moment to realize just how much I relied on the bond to keep track of her. True: I didn’t always welcome someone else’s thoughts in my head. Despite the control I’d learned, her mind still sometimes poured into mine in moments I’d rather not experience. None of that was a concern now–only her safety was. Being blocked off was like having a limb removed. All day I tried to get inside her head. Every time, I was kept out. It was maddening. No visitors came to me either, and the book and magazines had long since lost their appeal. The caged animal feeling was getting to me again, and I spent a fair amount of time yelling at my guards–with no results. Tatiana’s funeral was tomorrow, and the clock to my trial was ticking loudly. Bedtime came, and the wall in the bond dropped at last–because Lissa went to sleep. The link between us was firm, but her mind was closed off in unconsciousness. I’d find no answers there. Left with nothing else, I went to bed as well, wondering if I’d be cut off again in the morning. I wasn’t. She and I were linked again, and I was able to see the world through her eyes once more. Lissa was up and around early, preparing for the funeral. I neither saw nor felt any sign of why I’d been blocked the day before. She was letting me back into her mind, just like normal. I almost wondered if I’d imagined being cut off from her. No †¦ there it was. Barely. Within her mind, I sensed thoughts she was still hiding from me. They were slippery. Each time I tried to grasp them, they fell out of my hands. I was amazed she could still use enough magic to pull it off, and it was also a clear indication that she’d blocked me out intentionally yesterday. What was going on? Why on earth would she need to hide something from me? What could I do about anything, locked in this hellhole? Again, my unease grew. What awful thing didn’t I know about? I watched Lissa get ready, seeing no ostensible sign of anything unusual. The dress she’d ended up selecting had cap sleeves and went to the knee. Black, of course. It was hardly a clubbing dress, but she knew it would raise some eyebrows. Under different circumstances, this would have delighted me. She chose to wear her hair down and unbound, its pale blond color showing brightly against the dress’s black when she surveyed herself in a mirror. Christian met Lissa outside. He cleaned up well, I had to admit, uncharacteristically wearing a dress shirt and tie. He’d drawn the line at a jacket, and his expression was an odd mix of nervousness, secrecy, and typical snark. When he saw Lissa, though, his face momentarily transformed, turning radiant and awestruck as he gazed at her. He gave her a small smile and took her into his arms for a brief embrace. His touch brought her contentment and comfort, easing her anxiety. They’d gotten back together recently afte r a breakup, and that time apart had been agonizing for both of them. â€Å"It’s going to be okay,’ he murmured, his look of worry returning. â€Å"This’ll work. We can do this.’ She said nothing but tightened her hold on him before stepping back. Neither of them spoke as they walked to the beginning of the funeral procession. I decided this was suspicious. She caught hold of his hand and felt strengthened by it. The funeral procedures for Moroi monarchs had been the same for centuries, no matter if the Court was in Romania or its new home in Pennsylvania. That was the Moroi way. They mixed the traditional with the modern, magic with technology. The queen’s coffin would be carried by pallbearers out of the palace and taken with great ceremony all through the Court’s grounds, until it reached the Court’s imposing cathedral. You read "Last Sacrifice Chapter Three" in category "Essay examples" There, a select group would enter for mass. After the service, Tatiana would be buried in the church’s graveyard, taking her place beside other monarchs and important royals. The coffin’s route was easy to spot. Poles strung with red and black silk banners marked each side. Rose petals had been strewn on the ground the coffin would pass over. Along the sides, people crammed together, hoping to catch a glimpse of their former queen. Many Moroi had come from far off places, some to see the funeral and some to see the monarch elections that would soon follow over the next couple of weeks. The royal family escort–most of whom wore saleswoman-approved black velvet– were already heading into the palace building. Lissa stopped outside to part ways with Christian since he certainly had never been in the running to represent his family for such an honored event. She gave him another fierce hug and a light kiss. As they stepped away, there was a knowing glint in his blue eyes–that secret that was hidden from me. Lissa pushed through the gathering crowds, trying to get to the entrance and find the procession’s starting point. The building didn’t look like the palaces or castles of ancient Europe. Its grand stone farade and tall windows matched the Court’s other structures, but a few features–its height, wide marble steps–subtly distinguished it from other buildings. A tug at Lissa’s arm stopped her progress, nearly causing her to run into an ancient Moroi man. â€Å"Vasilisa?’ It was Daniella Ivashkov, Adrian’s mother. Daniella wasn’t so bad as royals went, and she was actually okay with Adrian and me dating–or at least, she had been before I became an accused murderer. Most of Daniella’s acceptance had come from the fact that she believed Adrian and I would split up anyways once I received my guardian assignment. Daniella had also convinced one of her cousins, Damon Tarus, to be my lawyer–an offer I’d rejected when I chose Abe to represent me instead. I still wasn’t entirely sure if I’d made the best decision there, but it probably tarnished Daniella’s view of me, which I regretted. Lissa offered up a nervous smile. She was anxious to join the procession and get all of this over with. â€Å"Hi,’ she said. Daniella was dressed in full black velvet and even had small diamond barrettes shining in her dark hair. Worry and agitation lined her pretty face. â€Å"Have you seen Adrian? I haven’t been able to find him anywhere. We checked his room.’ â€Å"Oh.’ Lissa averted her eyes. â€Å"What?’ Daniella nearly shook her. â€Å"What do you know?’ Lissa sighed. â€Å"I’m not sure where he is, but I saw him last night when he was coming back from some party.’ Lissa hesitated, like she was too embarrassed to tell the rest. â€Å"He was †¦ really drunk. More than I’ve ever seen him. He was going off with some girls, and I don’t know. I’m sorry, Lady Ivashkov. He’s probably †¦ well, passed out somewhere.’ Daniella wrung her hands, and I shared her dismay. â€Å"I hope nobody notices. Maybe we can say †¦ he was overcome with grief. There’s so much going on. Surely no one will notice. You’ll tell them, right? You’ll say how upset he was?’ I liked Daniella, but this royal obsession with image was really starting to bug me. I knew she loved her son, but her main concern here seemed to be less about Tatiana’s final rest than it was about what others would think about a breach of protocol. â€Å"Of course,’ said Lissa. â€Å"I wouldn’t want anyone to †¦ well, I’d hate for that to get out.’ â€Å"Thank you. Now go.’ Daniella gestured to the doors, still looking anxious. â€Å"You need to take your place.’ To Lissa’s surprise, Daniella gave her a gentle pat on the arm. â€Å"And don’t be nervous. You’ll do fine. Just keep your head up.’ Guardians stationed at the door recognized Lissa as someone with access and allowed her in. There, in the foyer, was Tatiana’s coffin. Lissa froze, suddenly overwhelmed, and nearly forgot what she was doing there. The coffin alone was a work of art. It was made of gleaming black wood, polished to brilliance. Paintings of elaborate garden scenes in shining metallic colors of every hue adorned each side. Gold glittered everywhere, including the poles that the pallbearers would hold. Those poles were draped with strings of mauve roses. It seemed like the thorns and leaves would make it difficult for the pallbearers to get a good grip, but that was their problem to deal with. Inside, uncovered and lying on a bed of more mauve roses, was Tatiana herself. It was strange. I saw dead bodies all the time. Hell, I created them. But seeing a body that had been preserved, lying peacefully and ornamentally †¦ well, it was creepy. It was strange for Lissa, too, particularly since she didn’t have to deal with death as often as I did. Tatiana wore a gleaming silk gown that was a rich shade of purple–the traditional color for royal burial. The dress’s long sleeves were decorated with an elaborate design of small pearls. I’d often seen Tatiana in red–a color associated with the Ivashkov family–and I was glad for the purple burial tradition. A red dress would have been too strong a reminder of the bloody pictures of her that I’d seen at my hearing, pictures I kept trying to block out. Strings of gemstones and more pearls hung around her neck, and a gold crown set with diamonds and amethysts rested upon her graying hair. Someone had done a good job with Tatiana’s makeup, but even they couldn’t hide the whiteness of her skin. Moroi were naturally pale. In death, they were like chalk–like Strigoi. The image struck Lissa so vividly that she swayed on her feet a little and had to look away. The roses’ scent filled the air, but there was a hint of decay mixed in with that sweetness. The funeral coordinator spotted Lissa and ordered her into position–after first bemoaning Lissa’s fashion choice. The sharp words snapped Lissa back to reality, and she fell in line with five other royals on the right side of the coffin. She tried not to look too closely at the queen’s body and directed her gaze elsewhere. The pallbearers soon showed up and lifted their burden, using the rose-draped poles to rest the coffin on their shoulders and slowly carry it out to the waiting crowd. The pallbearers were all dhampirs. They wore formal suits, which confused me at first, but then I realized they were all Court guardians–except one. Ambrose. He looked as gorgeous as always and stared straight ahead as he did his job, face blank and expressionless. I wondered if Ambrose mourned Tatiana. I was so fixated on my own problems that I kept forgetting a life had been lost here, a life that many had loved. Ambrose had defended Tatiana when I’d been angry about the age law. Watching him through Lissa’s eyes, I wished I was there to speak to him in person. He had to know something more about the letter he’d slipped me in the courtroom. Surely he wasn’t just the delivery boy. The procession moved forward, ending my musings about Ambrose. Before and ahead of the coffin were other ceremonial people. Royals in elaborate clothing, making a glittering display. Uniformed guardians carrying banners. Musicians with flutes walked at the very back, playing a mournful tune. For her part, Lissa was very good at public appearances and managed the slow, stately pace with elegance and grace, her gaze level and confident. I couldn’t see outside her body, of course, but it was easy to imagine what the spectators saw. She was beautiful and regal, worthy to inherit the Dragomir legacy, and hopefully more and more would realize that. It would save us a lot of trouble if someone would change the voting law through standard procedures, so we didn’t have to rely on a quest for a lost sibling. Walking the funeral route took a long time. Even when the sun started sinking down toward the horizon, the day’s heat still hung in the air. Lissa began to sweat but knew her discomfort was nothing compared to the pallbearers’. If the watching crowd felt the heat, they didn’t show it. They craned their necks to get their one glimpse of the spectacle passing before them. Lissa didn’t process the onlookers so much, but in their faces, I saw that the coffin wasn’t their only focus. They were also watching Lissa. Word of what she’d done for Dimitri had blazed around the Moroi world, and while many were skeptical of her ability to heal, there were just as many who believed. I saw expressions of wonder and awe in the crowd, and for a second, I wondered who they’d really come to see: Lissa or Tatiana? Finally, the cathedral came into view, which was good news for Lissa. The sun didn’t kill Moroi like it did Strigoi, but the heat and sunlight were still uncomfortable for any vampire. The procession was nearly finished, and she, being one of those allowed into the church service, would soon get to enjoy air conditioning. As I studied the surroundings, I couldn’t help but think what a circle of irony my life was. Off to the sides of the church’s extensive grounds were two giant statues showing ancient Moroi monarchs of legend, a king and queen who had helped the Moroi prosper. Even though they were a fair distance from the church, the statues loomed ominously, like they were scrutinizing everything. Near the queen’s statue was a garden that I knew well. I’d been forced to landscape it as punishment for running off to Las Vegas. My true purpose on that trip–which no one knew–had been to free Victor Dashkov from prison. Victor had been a longtime enemy of ours, but he and his brother Robert, a spirit user, had held the knowledge we needed to save Dimitri. If any guardians had found out that I’d freed Victor–then later lost him–my punishment would have been a lot worse than filing and landscaping. At least I’d done a good job with the garden, I thought bitterly. If I was executed, I’d leave a lasting mark at Court. Lissa’s eyes lingered on one of the statues for a long time before she turned back to the church. She was sweating heavily now, and I realized some of it wasn’t just the heat. She was anxious too. But why? Why was she so nervous? This was just ceremony. All she had to do was go through the motions here. Yet †¦ there it was again. Something else was bothering her. She was still keeping a cluster of thoughts from me, but a few leaked out as she worried. Too close, too close. We’re moving too fast. Fast? Not by my estimation. I could have never handled this slow, stately pace. I felt especially bad for the pallbearers. If I were one, I would’ve said to hell with propriety and started jogging toward my final destination. Of course, that might jostle the body. If the funeral coordinator had been upset over Lissa’s dress, there was no telling how she’d react if Tatiana fell out of the coffin. Our view of the cathedral was getting clearer, its domes shining amber and orange in the setting sun. Lissa was still several yards away, but the priest standing out front was clearly visible. His robes were almost blinding. They were made of heavy, glittering gold brocade, long and full. A rounded hat with a cross, also gold, sat on his head. I thought it was in poor taste for him to outshine the queen’s clothing, but maybe that was just what priests did on formal occasions. Maybe it got God’s attention. He lifted his arms in welcome, showing off more of that rich fabric. The rest of the crowd and I couldn’t help but stare at the dazzling display. So, you can imagine our surprise when the statues blew up. How to cite Last Sacrifice Chapter Three, Essay examples

Systems And Software Verification And Reuse - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Systems And Software Verification And Reuse. Answer: Software Reuse Software Reuse is the method of updating or implementing the software systems by using the existing software elements or components. The software engineers sometimes adopt the systematic process of the existing software that can develop the better software quality more quickly (Wong, Aminzadeh and Nikravesh 2013). This reuse method of software is often termed as Code Reuse, which is a promising strategy for improving quality and increasing the productivity in the software engineering field. In the domain of software engineering, this reuse of the software components brings the high quality output. In order to develop the better quality software programs within the shorter period, the reuse of the software is quite feasible process. It is cheaper in costs and it produces less buggy code by ensuring high quality output. However, it is even noticed that the reuse of the software components face some of the considerable barriers as well. The major barriers to reuse the software component are found in the higher costs of the reusable component. In some of the cases, it has been observed that the high cost of the existing software components is not affordable. It creates the considerable barriers in developing the high quality programming (Coulange 2012). On the other hand, it is also observed that the generic components are sometimes less space-efficient, which might create the harmful caches. In addition to this the longer execution times than the specific equivalents may affect the internal software and the entire programming system (Brard et al. 2013). In fact, the obligations of the people are also considered as the significant barrier in reusing the existing software. Use of the Ad hoc codes has been practicing in the software engineering programming process by the programmers. When I was the beginner in software engineering process, I used to reuse the section of templates, codes, functions, and procedures. I found it much helpful in reducing the time and developing high quality programming that can ensure the better outcome of the process. This code reuse implies the well-maintained version of the reusable objects. Hence, the outcome is productive and remarkable. I have even used the software library at the earlier days of programming for creating the internal abstractions. I try to utilize the better version that can develop the high quality software system and reuse again in the future. References Brard, B., Bidoit, M., Finkel, A., Laroussinie, F., Petit, A., Petrucci, L. and Schnoebelen, P., 2013.Systems and software verification: model-checking techniques and tools. Springer Science Business Media. Coulange, B., 2012.Software reuse. Springer Science Business Media. Wong, P., Aminzadeh, F. and Nikravesh, M. eds., 2013.Soft computing for reservoir characterization and modeling. Physica.